Arch West had the heart of an entrepreneur and liked to take risks. Unfortunately he worked for Frito-Lay and had bosses to convince.
Dave Young:
Welcome to the Empire Builders Podcast, teaching business owners the not so secret techniques that took famous businesses from mom and pop to major brands. Stephen Semple is a marketing consultant, story collector and storyteller. I’m Stephen’s sidekick and business partner, Dave Young. Before we get into today’s episode, a word from our sponsor, which is, well, it’s us, but we’re highlighting ads we’ve written and produced for our clients. So here’s one of those.
[AirVantage Heating & Cooling Ad]
Dave Young:
Welcome back to the Empire Builders Podcast. I’m Dave Young and Stephen Semple is here with another Empire Builders story. And today, whispered in my ear as the countdown started that we’re going to talk about Doritos and Tostitos. And my brain instantly had electric shot go through it because are they the same? Are Tostitos and Doritos, is it the same company? Is Frito-Lay-
Stephen Semple:
Same company. Yeah, yep. Frito-Lay.
Dave Young:
Yeah. How about Takis?
Stephen Semple:
Oh, I don’t know.
Dave Young:
They get bought up yet?
Stephen Semple:
I don’t know. But [inaudible 00:02:04] did, they were actually created by Frito-Lay.
Dave Young:
By Frito-Lay. Again, back to my childhood, we’d go to the lake in the summer and always had bags and bags of nacho cheese flavored Doritos.
Stephen Semple:
There you go.
Dave Young:
And my mom used to say, “We’re going to eat so many of these. There’s just going to be corners poking out of us.” Oh my gosh. They’ve been around a while.
Stephen Semple:
They have been around a while. Yeah, they were launched in 1966.
Dave Young:
Doritos or …
Stephen Semple:
Doritos was done first and it was launched by Frito-Lay in 1966.
Dave Young:
All right.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. Today, Doritos is part of Pepsi. And the estimated sales coming from Doritos is like 2 to $3 billion a year in sales. That’s a lot of cheese nachos.
Dave Young:
It is.
Stephen Semple:
It’s one of the top snack brands in the world sold in over 100 countries. So now while it’s a product inside of a big company, there’s a reason why I feel like it’s a bit of an empire building story because it’s an interesting little story of risk taking an entrepreneurship inside of this big corporation. That’s why I felt like it still kind of fits.
Dave Young:
Okay.
Stephen Semple:
And it’s all because of the actions of a guy by the name of Arch West, who’s a Frito-Lay executive. And when you hear this story, you realize he’s got a heart of an entrepreneur and is a bit of a risk-taker.
Dave Young:
Arch West.
Stephen Semple:
Arch West. So Arch came from nothing. He was raised in a youth home. He went to the military. And after the military, he gets into food marketing and he becomes a VP at Frito-Lay. Now, our story starts in the late 1950s. And like all good stories, it starts with a visit to Disneyland at Anaheim because that’s where all great stories start.
Dave Young:
So Arch goes to Disneyland.
Stephen Semple:
So Arch goes to Disneyland. And in Disneyland, there’s a restaurant called Casa de Fritos, which of course has been created. I don’t know if it’s still there, but at the time Casa de Fritos, which was basically created for distributing Frito’s products. It’s like this made up Mexican restaurant in the international food area of Disneyland. And remember, this is the ’50s.
Dave Young:
So Frito’s was in existence.
Stephen Semple:
Yes. Fritos was in existence.
Dave Young:
The little curly corn chip thingies.
Stephen Semple:
Correct. That was in existence.
Dave Young:
So I keep thinking like Lay’s Corporation-
Stephen Semple:
Frito-Lay had already merged at this point.
Dave Young:
So Frito became Frito-Lay?
Stephen Semple:
Yep. So it was Frito-Lay, wasn’t part of Pepsi yet, but it was Frito-Lay.
Dave Young:
Yeah.
Stephen Semple:
And they had this restaurant in Disneyland called Casa De Fritos for distributing Frito products. And as I said, it’s this made up Mexican restaurant, because remember this is the 50s in Disneyland. So how authentic is it? Probably not at all.
Dave Young:
Probably had Speedy Gonzalez and his friends.
Stephen Semple:
Right-
Dave Young:
… Taking orders. Sure.
Stephen Semple:
As you can imagine. But as the story goes, what was happening was they were throwing out … At the end of the day, if tortillas were left over, they were throwing them out. And a Mexican delivery guy said, “You shouldn’t be throwing these things out. You should cut them up and deep-fry them and serve them as tortilla chips.”
Dave Young:
Yeah.
Stephen Semple:
So Arch tastes these tortilla chips and he was like, “Wow, these have a really interesting flavor.” And he thinks to himself, I think there’s an untapped opportunity here and we can make something of this. So first he’s got to sell the ideas to his bosses. So Arch West makes a presentation to the executives and they’ll look at him and say, “Yeah, leave development to R&D. They create the stuff you sell it.”
Dave Young:
Stay in your lane, buddy.
Stephen Semple:
Stay in your lane, buddy. Now remember I said at the beginning, Arch is a risk-taker and has the heart of an entrepreneur? So what does Arch do with this no?
Dave Young:
I mean, he’s going to take them home and fry them. I don’t know.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah, he ignores it. He takes some discretionary funds that he has and he applies them to developing the chip.
Dave Young:
Okay. Good for Arch.
Stephen Semple:
He does this for three years.
Dave Young:
Three years-
Stephen Semple:
… Inside of Frito-Lay, he’s developing these chips with these discretionary funds for three years because he can’t make them the way they made them in the restaurant because it’s got to be shelf stable. So there’s kind of a bit of a challenge to making them. So after three years, he creates this secret shelf staple tortilla that he now has to get approved by the bosses, the very same bosses who three years ago told him, stick in his lane that he’s used company funds to develop.
Dave Young:
Oh, Arch, I love you.
Stephen Semple:
Right. Do you see why I believe this story deserved to be here? So he has this plan to convince bosses. He arranges to have the chips secretly supplied to the bosses before the meeting and he arrives late on purpose because he figures they’ll all try them. And his hope is, well, they better like them.
Dave Young:
They better like them. Yeah.
Stephen Semple:
So it turns out the board likes them. And at this point, he already has a name for them because he wanted it to sound like something easy and he wanted to have this foreign feeling. And he also liked this idea of combining Fritos and Cheetos because Cheetos had already been out there. So Fritos, Cheetos, Doritos.
Dave Young:
Doritos.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. And they decide to launch it. So they launch it in 1966. Doritos is launched and it’s the only tortilla chip around. And the Baby Boomers are coming of age. They want to market this chip to the Baby Boomers. So if you’re going to market to it, what do you call it? You call it the With It Chip. This is the With It Chip because that’s the with it generation.
Dave Young:
Because it’s with it.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So just tell people it’s with it and it’ll all work out because they’ll all think it’s hip and cool.
Dave Young:
Yeah. I can see that happen.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. Bombed-
Dave Young:
… Calling it riz.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah, it bombed because here’s the problem. The chips were plain and chips at the time are used for dipping and dips were popular at parties, but that was with the Boomers’ parents, not the kids. So it was not so with it actually. Turns out to be not with it at all. So there was this great disconnect because the kids are like, “We don’t do dip.” The parents were the ones doing dip and the parents didn’t want to do … It was this complete failure in terms of positioning. So around this time, Wayne Calloway joins the company. Wayne doesn’t see that product as a failure because he looks at it and he says, “Look, here’s the problem. Boomers don’t want to use it as a dip, but they still want the flavor, so we need to add flavor.” And around this time-
Dave Young:
“We need to make the dip into a powder and apply it to the chips.”
Stephen Semple:
Right. And around this time, Frito-Lay had been investing tons of money into food science. And there was this new emerging technology called gas chromatography, which basically breaks down the elements so you can figure out how to make an artificial powdered form of things.
Dave Young:
Okay.
Stephen Semple:
So after months of experiments, the team presents a range of options. So they now have to choose a flavor. And here’s how they looked at things. And this is the other reason why I think there’s great lessons here, because we always talk about looking around the world for ideas. Taco Bell had come on the scene around this time and was growing really, really quickly and was super popular. When Taco Bell first came out, it exploded. So the first flavor they looked at was …
Dave Young:
Stay tuned. We’re going to wrap up this story and tell you how to apply this lesson to your business right after this.
Dave Young:
Let’s pick up our story where we left off and trust me you haven’t missed a thing.
Stephen Semple:
Taco Bell had come on the scene around this time and was growing really, really quickly and was super popular. When Taco Bell first came out, it exploded. So the first flavor they looked at was taco flavor.
Dave Young:
Okay. Yeah.
Stephen Semple:
Because they’re like, “Well, look, there’s this thing going on over here.”
Dave Young:
Sure.
Stephen Semple:
And it sells well, but they’re still not completely satisfied. So what they noticed was as Mexican food is growing, they noticed that nachos are starting to become a common restaurant idea.
Dave Young:
Yeah. And that’s just cheese. There’s no such thing as nacho cheese. It’s just cheese.
Stephen Semple:
It’s just cheese. So in 1972, they launch nacho flavored Doritos and in the first year, sales rise $60 million on the back of that.
Dave Young:
Yeah.
Stephen Semple:
So West gets promoted, Calloway’s now President.
Dave Young:
What year?
Stephen Semple:
That was 1972.
Dave Young:
’72. Yeah. Yeah.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. So West gets promoted. Calloway’s now President. And the other thing, trend that’s going on U.S. is in the 1970s, vacationing in Mexico becomes really popular. It’s happening in record numbers and Mexican restaurant chains are popping up all over the place because people experience Mexican food, want to have it at home. And what’s really popping up? Guacamole. Big trend is guacamole. So they decide they need to create a restaurant style chip for dipping. Isn’t it interesting now we’re going back to dipping?
Dave Young:
Now we’re going back to the dips because people love this guacamole.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. So dipping is back. And so what they do is they create Tostitos, a restaurant style chip for dipping and guacamole. And in less than a year, they do $140 million in sales and it’s the most successful product in Frito-Lay history.
Dave Young:
Wow.
Stephen Semple:
The other fun thing they do is in 1986, they create a flavor for Doritos called Cool Ranch flavor. And the only reason why I love sharing this is this has a really funny circular story because they came across this ranch dressing from this little tiny company called Hidden Valley.
Dave Young:
Right.
Stephen Semple:
And they looked at that flavor and they went, “That’d be a great flavor for the Doritos.” And they just called it Cool Ranch Rather than Ranch. And it was another home run, $120 million in the first year, but it worked out so well that it actually inspired Hidden Valley to take their product national.
Dave Young:
Oh, wow. Okay.
Stephen Semple:
So it was like Doritos discovered from Hidden Valley, sold all this stuff. Cool Ranch became so popular that Hidden Valley went, “Wait a minute, we could do this salad dressing now nationwide.” And in 1990, Doritos becomes the most popular chip in the world with a billion dollars in sales.
Dave Young:
Wow. Okay.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. So while it was already a big company well established, I still kind of felt like there was a cool little story in there because again, it was about … They’d be looking out and looking at these trends and going, “Well, let’s tap into this trend. Let’s tap into this trend. Let’s tap into this trend,” while it was in the food space, it wasn’t in the snack space. So it was still an industry beside them. I have to admire his chutzpah of being told no and then taking company discretionary funds and basically spending three years developing the product right under their noses.
Dave Young:
Yeah, definitely an entrepreneurial streak in there.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah, no [inaudible 00:13:56].
Dave Young:
Well, cool. I’m glad I know all this now. Back in the day, I started eating those chips right when they first came out, Stephen, I’m pretty sure.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. The other part I found interesting on it was that, again, this whole idea of, let’s call it the With It chip and thinking just by saying that, that that’s enough. And then on top of that, having a product that was also completely out of sync with the market that you were trying to go to because it had to be dipped and their target market was not dipping. It was their parents that was dipping. I just found that so interesting that there was that much of a disconnect in terms of, “Well, let’s just call it, let’s just call … Our socioeconomic studies say this, so let’s just call it that and we’ll make it so.”
And we see that so often as a mistake in marketing where it’s like, no, you actually have to freaking understand your customer and not just from, “Oh, they’re 26 years old and they drop …” How do they think? How do they behave? How do they act? Where are they consuming? Oh, they consume. Oh, they consume the product while at the beach. Okay. Well, they’re not freaking taking dip.
Dave Young:
Right, right.
Stephen Semple:
Right. It was such a miss and so typical of how a lot of companies look at things when they put together their marketing plan.
Dave Young:
Here’s the thing. People were starting long distance cross country road trips too.
Stephen Semple:
Yes.
Dave Young:
Man, it’s hard to eat. It’s hard to eat chips and dips while you’re driving.
Stephen Semple:
Not happening.
Dave Young:
You can eat a bag of Doritos all day long behind the wheel of a car and stop and get another [inaudible 00:15:28].
Stephen Semple:
So I also have to give credit to Wayne Calloway that he came along and saw that disconnect. He said, “No, this is a great product, but here’s the disconnect. The disconnect is not that the product isn’t great. The disconnect is people aren’t going to dip it. That’s the disconnect.” But then to later notice that dip is coming back, because it’ll be easy to go with dip is out, later noticing dip coming back in the form of guacamole and saying, “Hey, in fact, let’s go back to really what the original Dorito was, which was this unflavored tortilla that you could use for dipping.” It’s kind of funny that it went full circle.
Dave Young:
But even so, like my parents, because they were of the dipper generation, had a recipe for chili cheese dip that you would use with the nacho cheese Doritos.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. Okay.
Dave Young:
It was really good.
Stephen Semple:
All right. All right.
Dave Young:
Not so much if you’re driving.
Stephen Semple:
But you were a very sophisticated family having something like that.
Dave Young:
Well, yeah. Absolutely.
Stephen Semple:
So again, I just thought it was an interesting story. And again, one of those ones, keeping your eye out, looking a little bit outside of your industry, because all of these ideas came from trends they saw in the restaurant industry, not the snack food industry.
Dave Young:
Yeah. Yeah. Good observations. Well, thank you. Now I know a lot more about Doritos and Tostitos and why I don’t dip anymore.
Stephen Semple:
And it’s funny when you think about the recent Doritos advertising, when you talk about your mom making the comment, Doritos now runs a lot of ads where they don’t even use the word Doritos in the ad. They just show the triangle.
Dave Young:
Sure.
Stephen Semple:
And as soon as you show that triangle, what do we all think?
Dave Young:
That’s classic brand code.
Stephen Semple:
Right. Yes.
Dave Young:
McDonald’s is doing that. They’re just either using-
Stephen Semple:
The arches.
Dave Young:
Yeah. Just the arch or-
Stephen Semple:
Or even a piece of the arch.
Dave Young:
And then just the sound, just ba-ba-ba-ba-ba. That’s it. Once you get into empire territory, you can start doing fun things like that.
Stephen Semple:
Yep. And really own the mind and really own the space. Hats off to the host of Frito-Lay in terms of the stuff that happened over there. And I just, again, didn’t exactly fit our stuff, but I thought it did enough just because of the craziness. So that happened inside the company.
Dave Young:
I’m down for a fun story about business and food.
Stephen Semple:
Yeah. Rebels inside the four walls.
Dave Young:
That’s right. Thanks, Stephen.
Stephen Semple:
All right. Thanks, David.
Dave Young:
Thanks for listening to the podcast. Please share us, subscribe on your favorite podcast app and leave us a big, fat, juicy five star rating and review at Apple Podcasts. And if you’d like to schedule your own 90-minute Empire Building session, you can do it at empirebuildingprogram.com.